Vaccines cause autism.

Stated the claim as a population-level causal proposition.

Specified the epidemiological standard and scope.

Identified controlled studies, systematic reviews, and the retraction record as relevant evidence.

Retrieved the WHO vaccine-safety answer.

Recorded the exact finding and its location.

Checked the quotation and reviewed its context.

Built the refutation argument from convergent controlled evidence.

Considered subgroup and diagnostic-substitution alternatives.

Marked the refutation as inductive and population-level.

Compared the alternatives with the evidence.

Noted that a refuted causal claim does not imply zero vaccine risk.

Assigned refuted under the stated standard.